Mild Stereoselective Intermolecular Acetoxylation and Azidation of α‐C−H Bonds in Tröger's Bases

Introduction of oxygen and nitrogen into organic molecules is one of the fundamental strategies for their functionalization. Traditional approaches rely on the formation of an activated intermediate, which is then modified in a subsequent step. Here we report a simple direct oxidative α‐acetoxylation and azidation of α‐C−H bonds in Tröger's base analogues promoted by N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS) and palladium(II)acetate [Pd(OAc)₂] under mild conditions. This approach is pivotal on NBS oxidizing the carbon atoms next to the nitrogen atoms in the presence of Pd(OAc)₂ followed by a reaction with oxygen‐ or nitrogen‐centred nucleophiles such as KOAc or NaN₃ to yield either the mono‐ and bisacetoxylated or azidated Tröger's base derivatives in a stereo‐ and chemoselective manner. The obtained products can be efficiently modified to access synthetically meaningful structures.

     

Potassium Hydroxide‐Catalyzed Chemoselective Reduction of Cyclic Imides with Hydrosilanes: Synthesis of ω‐Hydroxylactams and Lactams

Potassium hydroxide‐catalyzed hydrosilylation exhibits excellent activity and chemoselectivity for the reduction of cyclic imides under mild reaction conditions. The chemoselectivity of the reduction system may be readily tuned by changing the identity and stoichiometry of the hydrosilanes: a polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS)/potassium hydroxide reduction system resulted in the reduction of various cyclic imides to the corresponding ω‐hydroxylactams in 70–94% yield, while the diphenylsilane (Ph₂SiH₂)/potassium hydroxide reduction system selectively afforded the aryl lactams in 33–95% yield. These catalytic protocols tolerate diverse functional groups and are easy to scale up.

     

基于FWD的半刚性基层开裂状况无损评价模型

为无损判别半刚性基层开裂状况,以落锤式弯沉仪(FWD)为平台反演基层模量,分析弯沉盆匹配法和规律法模量反演结果的差异,进行基层反演模量与开裂状况的相关性分析,以基层模量比为评价指标,建立基层开裂状况无损评价模型和评价标准。研究表明：铣刨后的半刚性基层表面可视化损坏模式主要为裂缝;与弯沉盆匹配法相比,弯沉盆规律法的模量反演结果唯一且土基模量变异性较低;基层模量比与基层开裂状况在半对数坐标下具有良好的线性关系;基层开裂状况可分为四类,基层模量比分界值分别为0.68、0.47、0.30。该评价模型适用于不同强度的半刚性基层损坏状况的无损判别,可为路面大中修设计是否翻修半刚性基层提供决策支持。     

基于ANSYS的挤出机底座刚基于的挤出机底座刚度计算及吊装孔位置优化分析

本文通过在IDEAS中建立挤出机底座的三维模型,并在ANSYS Workbench中对其进行了工作状态和吊装状态的刚度分析,并通过调整参数多次计算,对吊装孔的位置进行了优化,得到了最优方案,为设计提供了依据。     

Base Flip in DNA Studied by Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Differently-Oxidized Forms of Methyl-Cytosine

Distortions in the DNA sequence, such as damage or mispairs, are specifically recognized and processed by DNA repair enzymes. Many repair proteins and, in particular, glycosylases flip the target base out of the DNA helix into the enzyme’s active site. Our molecular dynamics simulations of DNA with intact and damaged (oxidized) methyl-cytosine show that the probability of being flipped is similar for damaged and intact methyl-cytosine. However, the accessibility of the different 5-methyl groups allows direct discrimination of the oxidized forms. Hydrogen-bonded patterns that vary between methyl-cytosine forms carrying a carbonyl oxygen atom are likely to be detected by the repair enzymes and may thus help target site recognition.     

河北航空基地场道项目风险管理应用研究

主要围绕项目管理和风险管理基本理论,结合项目实际情况,对市政工程中的项目风险管理展开论述,以河北航空基地场道工程项目为例,通过对项目风险识别、风险度量、风险应对、风险控制进行系统分析,逐项解析不同阶段的风险管理要点,从而充分阐述项目风险管理在城市市政建设项目中的重要性。     

砂土中扩底应力对深埋扩底抗拔桩承载力的影响

采用极限平衡法计算深埋扩底抗拔桩的承载力,需要确定破坏面的形状参数和应力条件。针对已有模型试验的研究结果,结合不同桩长扩底抗拔桩统一破坏模式,对上述问题进行了初步探讨。基于应力莫尔圆研究认为,仅考虑自重应力条件得到的破坏面法向应力明显小于扩底附近的实际破坏面应力条件,导致破坏面影响高度计算结果偏大。基于模型试验的试验结果,对扩底应力的增强系数进行了反算,该值在1.3到2.7之间,比被动土压力系数3.4要小,对扩底角度变化不敏感。只是初步的机理探讨,考虑到深埋扩底桩的埋深影响,该问题值得进一步深入研究。     

Fuzzy‐sliding mode control of nonlinear smart base‐isolated building under earthquake excitation

In this paper, the effectiveness of the fuzzy sliding mode control strategy on three‐dimensional benchmark building with smart base isolation under seismic excitation has been examined. One of the appropriate control theories for such this nonlinear system is the sliding mode control theory; discontinuous sliding mode theory has weakness such as chattering phenomena. In this paper, we used a combination of fuzzy logic and sliding mode theory for the deletion of this defect. The proposed control theory has been scrutinized by applying on lately developed nonlinear three‐dimensional base‐isolated benchmark building. This building because of the three‐dimensional nature, coalescing of lateral and torsional responses, continuity of responses of the superstructure, and base is modeled with three degrees of freedom on every floor. In this building eight actuators assigned only at the base level and in the two directions (x, y). In other words, 16 actuators are located underneath the structure. Furthermore, the base isolation system has been modeled by considering lateral coupled equations for a better examination of the performance of the system. The results indicate that reduction of control performance is remarkable. Also, utilizing proposed control theory can decrease the responses of building in two main directions and, particularly, in the rotational degree of freedom.     

镍基高温合金表面完整性研究现状分析

表面完整性是评价零件表面加工质量的重要标准之一。在切削镍基高温合金GH4169的过程中,加工硬化、变质层的形成等是重要的加工难题,因此研究GH4169零件的表面完整性对其高速切削加工过程有重要的意义。从表面粗糙度、表面加工硬化、白层以及表面残余应力等方面对切削镍基高温合金的表面完整性研究进展进行总结,从切削用量、工艺参数和刀具的选用等方面为提升加工零件表面质量提供了重要依据。     

再生集料在道路基层中的应用

针对我国目前废弃混凝土逐渐增多、处理困难，而公路建设又快速发展的现状，介绍了再生集料在道路基层中的应用，通过分析指出废弃混凝土再生集料完全可以替代普通砂石料用于道路基层。